Aquarium medications, proper use of antibiotics, antimicrobials, herbal treatments and chemotherapy Aquarium

This article (which continue to grow with information) is information about different aquarium (and pond) treatments. You gram positive or gram negative applications where applicable.

When fish are sick (bacterial, protozoa, fungi, or parasites), who wants to try to isolate them in a hospital aquarium whenever possible. Changes regular water before each treatment allow more effective treatment, especially when it comes to the display tank.

Sponge filters work well aquariums hospital. Remember to remove carbon, the carbon will remove many medications. Also note that silicone in the aquarium will absorb malachite green, methylene blue, and copper sulfate. Most corals (crushed and otherwise), and ceramic decorations will also absorb medications such as malachite green, methylene blue, and copper sulfate.

adequate calcium levels are important, such as calcium also helps in healing and stress, and without proper calcium levels healing may be diffficult or impossible. The addition of antibiotics (like tetracycline) reduce calcium absorption.

For more information on calcium, see this article: Calcium, magnesium and aquariums KH

"Medicated Wonder deposits " administer medications for the treatment of ICH kH and the fungus and the control (calcium) levels.

Triple sulfa (sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfathiazole)

Are all antibacterial sulfa drugs. These drugs produce are bacteriostatic, ie that inhibit the growth of bacteria but not killing.

Sulfa drugs arrest cell growth by inhibiting folic acid synthesis, a necessary component for bacterial growth. Folic acid is a large molecule and can not enter bacterial cells, so that the bacteria must synthesize the compound intracellularly. Animal cells are unable to synthesize folic acid and it must be provided in the diet. For this reason, sulfa drugs are not toxic to animal cells.

USE: A broad spectrum antibacterial drugs, and tail fins putrefaction, mouth fungus and collapsed fins, columnaris, and HS. It is also useful for the fins from damage caused by pinching the fin. An old remedy is still useful and can be used in combination with malachite green and acriflavine (not combined with copper sulfate). Sulfa drugs are more effective at higher pH levels.

Dose: 250 mg 10 gallons every 24 hours with a change of 25% water before each treatment. Try a minimum of 10 days.

Tetracycline hydrochloride:

USE: The treatment of bacterial infections mostly gram-positive and some gram-negative infections, such as the putrefaction of the fin and tail (split, uneven and deteriorating fin and / or tail), Popeye (protruding eyes, may be cloudy or hazy), gill disease (swollen, discolored gills, gasping and a decrease activity) and secondary infections. This interferes with the production of proteins that bacteria need to multiply and divide (bacteriostatic). Tetracycline hydrochloride mode of action is as an inhibitor of protein synthesis through a mechanism aminoacyl-tRNA binding to the 30S subunit. Mode of resistance is the loss of permeability cell wall. Note, Teracycline can decrease red blood cell count because of this I would not use with injured fish.

Dose: 250 – 500 mg per 20 gallons of water. All 24 hours with a change of 25% water before each treatment. This product will not work in water with a pH above 7.5 NO SHIP!

Quinine sulfates:

USE: Resistant strains of Ich (especially fish scale less). Protozoa, thinness of the skin and Rams disease (whirling disease). Also good for Hexamita resistant strains when combined with metronidazole.

Dose: 250 mg per 10 gallons of water. Once a day for 4-5 days. Make a water change of 25% before each treatment.

OXYTETRACYCLINE HYDROCHLORIDE:

USE: Gram-positive and gram-negative. Marina ulcer disease cold water disease, hemorrhagic septicemia (Symptoms:. Red lines in the body and wings, or redness in the body of open sores or loss of scales) and fungi mouth.

Dose: 250 – 500 mg per teaspoon for 20 gallons every 24 hours with a change of 50% water before each treatment. This antibiotic is the best option mixed with food, especially if your pH is above 8.0 ..

NITROFURAZONE:

USE: bactericidal to some gram-positive and many gram-negative cause disease in freshwater and marine fish. This antibacterial is effective for control of flexibacter/columnaris- (Symptoms:. Fuzzy, thin, white body and It seems that fungus fins), works well with kanamycin for this, Aeromonas (Symptoms: The fish have blisters on the skin that are filled with a liquid Clear, yellowish blisters can become large ulcers), .. Vibrio and related species. Nitrofurazone is particularly useful for control of minor skin infections topic of marine fish have not become systemic. Effective against marine ulcer disease and protozoa. It is also useful in treating furunculosis in Koi.

Serious adverse events related to nitrofurans are very rare. Acquired resistance of bacteria to nitrofurans in therapy has been rare and has not appeared on a significant scale in over 50 years of use. Do not use in presence of invertebrates.

Nitrofurazone is more effective at lower pH levels.

Dose: 250 – 500 mg per 20 gallons. Treat every 24 hours with a change of 50% water before each treatment. Try for 10 days.

Neomycin sulfate:

USE: Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas Open red sores or ulcers, damage to the wing and tail, fins and tail are eaten away, in severe cases, to the body to treat kanamycin for this) and tuberculosis, gram-positive, and possibly mycobacteria. Works well in freshwater aquariums or salt water.

Dose: 250 mg per 10 gallons water. Treat every 24 hours with 25% water change before each treatment. Try for 10 days. For tuberculosis, the use of up to 30 days.

METRONIDAZOLE:

USE: The hole in the head disease (Hexamita), Chilodonella, plistophora (parasitic disease usually seen in neons and cardinals that causes loss of color, darting, and eventually death), salt water ich, swelling.

DOSAGE: 250-500 mg per 20 gallons. Treat every 24 hours with a water change 25% before each treatment. Try for 10 days.

Kanamycin sulfate;

USE: Used to treat many sensitive gram-negative bacteria and some Gram-positive. It works especially well in salt water aquariums. Works well in combination with nitrofurazone to Flexibacter (columnaris) (Symptoms: Fuzzy, thin, white in the body and fins. It looks like a fungus). It is also useful for sore Open Pseudomonas red or sore, and damage to the tail fin, tail fins and consume there, in serious cases, to the body. Kanamycin is effective in high pH applications, especially vibrio, making it useful for treatment of brackish and marine waters.

Kanamycin can be effective to rotate the disease, renal disease and dropsey suspects.

kanamycin sulfate appears to prevent bacteria that their cell walls, so the cells die.

DOSAGE: 250 to 500 mg per 20 gallons. Treat every 48 hours with a change of 25% water before each treatment. Treat for 10 days.

target = "_blank"> FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT IDENTIFICATION AND TREATMENT OF Aeromonas, Vibrio, and SEPTICEMIA

ERYTHROMYCIN:

USE: And the putrefaction of the tail fin, infections attributed to kidney disease (often not a kidney infection) the eye of pop. Most gram-positive bacteria and some gram negative bacteria and fungi. Neon Tetra Disease (faded color). Black Molly disease.

Dose: 250 – 500 mg per 20 gallons every 24 hours with a change of 25% water before each treatment. Try for 10 days.

TRICHLORFON (Dylox)

Dimethyl (2,2,2, trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl) phosphonate,

Trichlorfon is an organophosphate and degrades rapidly (about 99% of applied degraded in 2 hours) in alkaline pond water (pH 8.5) at room temperature. but remains stable in the same pond water held in acid (pH 5.0) the conditions of 2 hours.

Trichlorfon is highly toxic to invertebrates.

NO USE OF FISH THAT chemically sensitive, such as silver dollars, rays, sharks Bala, Arowanas, Tinfoil Barbs, Hemiodus, Piranha, most silver fish-scale marine sharks, lion fish.

See methylene blue Dylox if treatment is not available or feasible

USE: Trichlorfon is useful for the treatment of: Hydra, Lernia (anchor worms), copepods parasites, and tail Monodigenetic digenetic, fish lice (Argulus), leeches

CLOUT contains Trichlorfon (dimethyl (2,2,2, trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl) phosphonate), as well as 4 – [P-(dimethylamino)-O-phenylbenzylidene] -2, 5 dimethyl ammonium chloride-1-xylidene cyclohexadien, 1.2, dimethyl-5-nitroimidazole

DOSE: There is no recommended dose (not acutely toxic to freshwater fish = 1.6 to 180 ppm), refer to the manufacturer's instructions for all products containing trichlorfon.

Penicillin, AMPICILLAN;

USE: Belonging to the group of beta-lactam antibiotics, ampicillin is able to penetrate Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria.

Although this family of antibiotics commonly used in humans and other warm-blooded animals, this is a family of antibiotics which has proved useless in fish in general. About the effectiveness only comes in the treatment of some fungal eye infections. All medications, antibiotics, antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs work differently in different ways in different organisms, even if the processes are similar. One example that is often used quinine sulfate, what is a generally safe and effective treatment for fish, but not all invertebrates.

Isoniazid 300 mg:

USE: Treatment for tuberculosis (Symptoms: The fish has been sick for several months the fish. Is lethargic, anorexic, has a fin or scale loss and sunken stomach) of susceptible fish such as Disco. It can be combined with kanamycin.

This is a difficult disease to treat, and treatment may continue for more tha a month.

Also note that this is caused by a bacterium very similar to human tuberculosis, but not the same, and the only danger to humans is a open wound exposed to the bacteria, which causes only a localized skin rash.

DOSAGE: 1 tablet per 20 gallons every two days for 14 – 30 days

METHYLENE BLUE (Zinc Free) 2 303%:

USE: Fungus on eggs, Ich, fungi and some bacteria. Effective disease gill. Carries oxygen. Some protozoa, thinness of the skin and Oodinium. Great for use as a bath for 30 minutes in a double dose.

Great when used as Sauce for the topical treatment of parasites, bacteria, and fungus infections. When Dylox not available, this may be a useful treatment for anchor worm (Especially in goldfish): first carefully remove the anchor worm with tweezers, then dip the affected fish in methylene blue. When used with a sterilizer ultraviolet to kill the swimming stage the female anchor worm (the female is the parasite), this can be an effective treatment. (Tank also can be treated with malachite green or malachite green color scheme during this time to improve efficiency).

It is also useful as a bath of ammonia and nitrite poisoning.

DOSAGE: 1 teaspoon of a 2.303% solution per 10 gallons every other day for 10 days with water changes before each treatment. Use better in a hospital tank. Methylene blue may kill the nitrifying bacteria and plants in the display tank.

HYDROCHLORIDE 3.84% acriflavine solution:

Use: An antiseptic agent for skin and mucous membranes. Is known to inhibit mitochondriogenesis. Usually used to treat mild bacterial infections by fungi, such as mouth fungus, and the putrefaction of the tail fin, mushrooms, saproglenia, skin parasites such as Oodinium (velvet), thinness of the skin, and ICH (although very soft treatment of ich, FW or SW)

DOSAGE: 1 teaspoon of a 3.84% solution per 10 gallons every other day for 10 days. Combines well with copper sulfate and malachite green.

MALACHITE GREEN;

USE: For treatment and control of various external parasites of freshwater fish marine. When used as a medicine to control or avoid the following common protozoan parasites:

* Ichthyophthinus (freshwater Ich) were so thin "Salt and " white spots that usually appear first on the fins.

* Costia (Ichthyobodo). Not to be confused with ich is a parasite which can live dormant in healthy fish (especially their gills), then under certain conditions (poor water conditions, stress, TEC), reproduce rapidly. The symptoms of an outbreak are heavy and worked "breath " blinking and rubbing, skin cloudiness caused by excess mucus.

* Chilodonella, * Ambiphyra, * Cryptocaryon (marine Ich), Epistylis * * Oodinium and Trichodina, * Plistophora (best with formalin at 1 / 2 strength)

Malachite green is also effective against common external fungal infections of fish and eggs which include Achlya and Saprolegnia.

DOSAGE: 1 teaspoon of a solution 0.038% per 10 gallons every other day for 10-14 days. Or a drop of 0.50% solution per gallon every other day for 10-14 days. 25% water changes is recommended before each dose. Use half the dose of small scale and delicate fish like clown loaches and Neon Tetras. Double dose for marine aquariums.

Note: malachite green is more toxic at higher pH.

Can be combined with formalin or acriflavine.

Formalin (formaldehyde 3%)

USE: For treatment and control of diseases caused by fungi, protozoa and monogenetic trematodes of freshwater and marine fish aquarium. Formalin will control or help prevent fish diseases caused by agencies following diseases: * Ichthyophthirius (freshwater 'ich ") * Costia (Ichthyobodo) * Chilodonella, Ambiphyra * * Cryptocaryon (marine 'ich "), Epistylis * * Oodinium, Amyloodinium * and * Trichodina.

DOSAGE: 1 teaspoon a 3% solution per 10 gallons every other day for 10 days. Goes well with malachite green.

Formalin can deplete oxygen in an aquarium so consider adding an air stone or a power head with an air diffuser.

COPPER SULFATE:

USE: For treatment of fresh water and marine ICH, Oodinium, external parasites, fungi and even algae. Very effective when used properly and carefully.

DOSAGE: Treat according to its solution so that the level of copper at 0.15 -. 20 ppm. Kidnapped copper (often called chelated, but that is incorrect, chelated inactivated) sulfate works best (citric acid help achieve this.) Soluble copper salts work well in fresh water only. Use with snails and other invertebrates, do not use in reef aquariums, and note when is used as an algaecide, copper is absorbed by the algae then released when you die. The removal of copper sequestered can be difficult, only EDTA (acid ethylene diamine tetra acid) and water changes remove the carbon NO.

ORGANIC DRUGS:

There are three organic or "homeopathic "I used treatments;

PIMENTA EXTRACT (PIMAFIX)

USE: Pimenta extract is effective for a wide range of bacterial diseases and fungal infections usually affect fish and other aquatic animals. Fish diseases can be treated in accordance with this are the bacterial diseases of fish, such putrefaction as fin and tail, mouth fungus (often caused by the bacterium Flavobacterium columnaris), fungal diseases of fish (such as those caused by microorganisms of the genera Saprolegnia and Achyle) and the like.

Pimafix has also shown efficacy in the treatment of Dropsey caused by Aeromonas or Pseudomonas (a disease of the kidneys that causes swelling and distention of the scales, and is often fatal).

DOSAGE: Refer Pimafix

Usnea lichen;

USO Usnea is a lichen family Parmeliaceae that grows in temperate rainforests.

I have found it effective against parasites bacteria (usually gram negative), fungi and even as ICH. This resource is still in the testing phase, but initial results are promising. Usnea Lichen is proving to be the most effective natural remedy to the top of my test

This lichen is boiled as a tea and added that the aquarium.

DOSE: No established yet. I boil one small sprig of 6 oz of water and add this to every 10-20 gallons of water each day until healing is effective two days

TEA MELALUCA (MELAFIX)

USE: Repair fins, ulcers and open wounds.

Promotes the growth of new tissue damage and fins.

DOSAGE: Refer Melafix

This is my very basic article, to my complete article which is updated regularly, please visit this address: AQUARIUM drugs, treatments, how work, and what to use and not use.

About the Author

By Carl Strohmeyer

http://aquarium-info.blogspot.com/

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